financial statements

For small business owners, gaining a solid understanding of financial statements—balance sheet, income statement, statement of changes in equity, and statement of cash flows—is crucial. Financial statements provide insights into the business’s financial health, cash position, and profitability, and are prepared using specific accounting methods that impact how information is recorded and reported. 

The two primary accounting methods are accrual accounting and cash accounting: 

• Accrual Accounting: In this method, income and expenses are recorded when they are earned or incurred, regardless of when cash changes hands. This approach, required by Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), provides a more comprehensive picture of a company’s economic activities and financial obligations, though it can create timing differences between reported net income and cash flow. 

• Cash Accounting: This method records income and expenses only when cash is received or paid out. While cash accounting provides a straightforward view of cash on hand, it may not capture all assets, financial obligations and income as effectively. It is generally simpler and often […]